{"id":4195,"date":"2025-12-11T13:34:04","date_gmt":"2025-12-11T13:34:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cswt-meyer.de\/?page_id=4195"},"modified":"2026-03-22T15:43:20","modified_gmt":"2026-03-22T15:43:20","slug":"cswt-studies","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.cswt-meyer.de\/en\/cswt\/cswt-studies","title":{"rendered":"CSWT Studies"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Scientific studies on<\/span>
Cardiac Shock Wave Therapy (CSWT)<\/span> <\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Clinical research<\/span>
on the efficacy and safety of CSWT<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Cardiac shock wave therapy (CSWT) has been extensively researched in recent years and tested in numerous clinical studies with heart patients, including with regard to its safety. Clinical research consistently shows positive effects on blood circulation, vascular regeneration, and heart function.

Below you will find a selection of important studies, investigations, and meta-analyses on cardiac shock wave therapy (CSWT), each with a brief summary and a direct link to the corresponding work.<\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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Overview of studies<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tZhao T. et al., 2026 \u2013 Clinical efficacy comparison between extracorporeal shock wave therapy and enhanced external counterpulsation for coronary heart disease<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

In this randomized clinical trial involving 259 patients with coronary heart disease, cardiac shock wave therapy (CSWT) showed a significant improvement in the Gensini score, left ventricular ejection fraction, and relevant laboratory parameters after 12 months compared to drug therapy alone.<\/span> The<\/span><\/span><\/span> combination<\/span><\/span><\/span> of<\/span><\/span><\/span> CSWT<\/span><\/span><\/span> and<\/span><\/span><\/span> EECP<\/span><\/span><\/span> achieved<\/span><\/span><\/span> the<\/span><\/span><\/span> strongest<\/span><\/span><\/span> effects<\/span><\/span><\/span> in<\/span><\/span><\/span> terms<\/span><\/span><\/span> of<\/span><\/span><\/span> coronary<\/span><\/span><\/span> stenosis<\/span><\/span><\/span>, <\/span><\/span>heart<\/span><\/span><\/span> function<\/span><\/span><\/span>, <\/span><\/span>and<\/span><\/span><\/span> reduction<\/span><\/span><\/span> of<\/span><\/span><\/span> cardiovascular<\/span><\/span><\/span> events<\/span><\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span>The<\/span><\/span><\/span> therapy<\/span><\/span><\/span> proved<\/span><\/span><\/span> to<\/span><\/span><\/span> be<\/span><\/span><\/span> safe<\/span><\/span><\/span> and<\/span><\/span><\/span> well<\/span><\/span><\/span> tolerated<\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>

Link: https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S2772487526000048<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tLe Duy Thanh., 2025 \u2013 The Effectiveness and Safety of Cardiac Shock Wave Therapy in the Treatment of Ischemic Heart Disease with Refractory Angina Pectoris<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

In this prospective clinical study, patients with refractory angina pectoris showed a significant reduction in angina symptoms and nitrate requirements after CSWT, as well as a significant improvement in exercise capacity, myocardial perfusion, and cardiac function. The treatment was well tolerated, with no relevant side effects.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>

Link: https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/41221377\/<\/a><\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAmit Bansal., 2025 \u2013 Role of Ultrasound-Based Therapies in Cardiovascular Diseases<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

A<\/span><\/span> recent<\/span><\/span> review<\/span><\/span> study<\/span><\/span> shows<\/span><\/span> that<\/span><\/span> shockwave<\/span><\/span>–<\/span>based<\/span><\/span> therapies<\/span><\/span>, <\/span>particularly<\/span><\/span> extracorporeal<\/span><\/span> cardiac<\/span><\/span> shockwave<\/span><\/span> therapy<\/span><\/span> (<\/span>CSWT<\/span><\/span>), <\/span>are<\/span><\/span> increasingly<\/span><\/span> being<\/span><\/span> viewed<\/span><\/span> as<\/span><\/span> an<\/span><\/span> innovative<\/span><\/span> adjunct<\/span><\/span> in<\/span><\/span> the<\/span><\/span> treatment<\/span><\/span> of<\/span><\/span> cardiovascular<\/span><\/span> diseases<\/span><\/span>. <\/span>Positive<\/span><\/span> effects<\/span><\/span> on<\/span><\/span> blood<\/span><\/span> flow<\/span><\/span> and<\/span><\/span> symptoms<\/span><\/span> were<\/span><\/span> observed<\/span><\/span>, <\/span>particularly<\/span><\/span> in<\/span><\/span> cases<\/span><\/span> of<\/span><\/span> chronic<\/span><\/span> angina<\/span><\/span> pectoris<\/span><\/span>. <\/span>Overall<\/span><\/span>, <\/span>these<\/span><\/span> procedures<\/span><\/span> are<\/span><\/span> considered<\/span><\/span> promising<\/span><\/span> and<\/span><\/span> safe<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>

Link: https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/40124079\/<\/a><\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMichael Graber., 2025 \u2013 Modulation of cell fate by shock wave therapy in ischaemic heart disease<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

This study shows that cardiac shock wave therapy (CSWT) specifically activates repair processes in heart tissue by converting fibroblasts into angiogenic cells. Activation of the TLR3 receptor triggers genetic programs that improve blood flow and reduce scar tissue. At the same time, an improvement in heart function was demonstrated.<\/span> The<\/span><\/span><\/span> results<\/span><\/span><\/span> provide<\/span><\/span><\/span> important<\/span><\/span><\/span> evidence<\/span><\/span><\/span> that<\/span><\/span><\/span> CSWT<\/span><\/span><\/span> can<\/span><\/span><\/span> trigger<\/span><\/span><\/span> regenerative<\/span><\/span><\/span> processes<\/span><\/span><\/span> directly<\/span><\/span><\/span> in<\/span><\/span><\/span> the<\/span><\/span><\/span> heart<\/span><\/span><\/span> muscle<\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>

Link: https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/40201592\/<\/a><\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tQiuhua Wan., 2025 \u2013 A study of extracorporeal cardiac shock wave therapy combined with exercise rehabilitation in postoperative patients with PCI for CHD<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

A randomized controlled trial investigated the combination of cardiac shock wave therapy (CSWT) and exercise training in patients following stent implantation (PCI).<\/span><\/span> The<\/span><\/span> results<\/span><\/span> show<\/span><\/span> significant<\/span><\/span> improvements<\/span><\/span> in<\/span><\/span> physical<\/span><\/span> capacity<\/span><\/span> (<\/span>including<\/span><\/span> VO<\/span><\/span>\u2082<\/span>max<\/span><\/span>) <\/span>and<\/span><\/span> cardiac<\/span><\/span> function<\/span><\/span>, <\/span>as<\/span><\/span> well<\/span><\/span> as<\/span><\/span> beneficial<\/span><\/span> effects<\/span><\/span> on<\/span><\/span> inflammatory<\/span><\/span> and<\/span><\/span> vascular<\/span><\/span> parameters<\/span><\/span>. <\/span>Additionally<\/span><\/span>, <\/span>myocardial<\/span><\/span> ischemia<\/span><\/span> was<\/span><\/span> reduced<\/span><\/span>. <\/span>The<\/span><\/span> study<\/span><\/span> underscores<\/span><\/span> that<\/span><\/span> CSWT<\/span><\/span> can<\/span><\/span> be<\/span><\/span> a<\/span><\/span> promising<\/span><\/span> component<\/span><\/span> of<\/span><\/span> modern<\/span><\/span> cardiac<\/span><\/span> rehabilitation<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>

Link: https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/40594526\/<\/a><\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tLizhou Wu., 2025 \u2013 Cardiac shock wave therapy-induced exosome derived from OGD\/R-treated H9c2 cells carrying miR-98-5p promote HUVECs angiogenesis<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

A recent experimental study shows that cardiac shock wave therapy (CSWT) specifically activates so-called exosomes\u2014tiny messenger molecules that travel between cells. Among other things, these exosomes transport the microRNA miR-98-5p, which has been shown to promote the formation of new blood vessels (angiogenesis). At the same time, cellular damage was reduced and cell viability was improved.<\/span> The<\/span><\/span><\/span> results<\/span><\/span><\/span> provide<\/span><\/span><\/span> an<\/span><\/span><\/span> important<\/span><\/span><\/span> mechanistic<\/span><\/span><\/span> explanation<\/span><\/span><\/span> for<\/span><\/span><\/span> how<\/span><\/span><\/span> CSWT<\/span><\/span><\/span> can<\/span><\/span><\/span> support<\/span><\/span><\/span> the<\/span><\/span><\/span> regeneration<\/span><\/span><\/span> of<\/span><\/span><\/span> damaged<\/span><\/span><\/span> heart<\/span><\/span><\/span> tissue<\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>

Link: https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/40307279\/<\/a><\/span><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tHolfeld J. et al., 2024 \u2013 Cardiac shockwave therapy in addition to coronary bypass surgery improves myocardial function in ischaemic heart failure (CAST-HF Trial)<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

Most publicly known clinical study of the University of Innsbruck (European Heart Journal 2024): 63 patients, randomized, sham-controlled. CSWT in addition to bypass surgery significantly increased LVEF (+11.3% vs. +6.3%) and walking distance \u2013 without complications. <\/p>\n

Link: https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/eurheartj\/article\/45\/29\/2634\/7695522<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDe la Corte-Rodr\u00edguez H. et al., 2023 \u2013 Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy for the Treatment of Musculoskeletal Pain: A Narrative Review<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

Overview: Mechanotransduction as a central principle of action \u2013 shock waves stimulate healing, angiogenesis, and pain relief processes.<\/p>\n

Link: https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2227-9032\/11\/21\/2830<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tQiu Q. et al., 2022 \u2013 Cardiac Shock Wave Therapy in Coronary Artery Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

Meta-analysis (10 studies, 643 patients): CSWT significantly improved ejection fraction, LV diameter, and perfusion; no serious side effects.<\/p>\n

Link: https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/journals\/cardiovascular-medicine\/articles\/10.3389\/fcvm.2022.932193\/full<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tYang H-T et al., 2020 \u2013 Cardiac Shock Wave Therapy for Coronary Heart Disease: an Updated Meta-analysis<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

Meta-analysis (26 studies, 855 patients): CSWT significantly improved 6-minute walk distance, NYHA class, angina symptoms, LVEF, and quality of life. No relevant side effects.<\/p>

Link: https:\/\/cdn.publisher.gn1.link\/bjcvs.org\/pdf\/v35n5a21.pdf<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tTakakuwa Y. et al., 2018 \u2013 Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy for Coronary Artery Disease: Relationship of Symptom Amelioration and Ischemia Improvement<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

Human study with angina pectoris patients: CSWT improved angina symptoms (CCS class) and showed a tendency towards better myocardial perfusion in scintigraphy.<\/p>\n

Link: https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/29333461<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tWang W et al., 2016 \u2013 Clinical effect of cardiac shock wave therapy on myocardial ischemia in patients with ischemic heart failure<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

23 patients with ischemic heart failure received 3 weeks of CSWT. The therapy significantly improved blood flow, quality of life, and NYHA classification and activated genes involved in angiogenesis. <\/p>\n

Link: https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/26657563<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCai H-Y et al., 2015 \u2013 Cardiac shockwave therapy improves myocardial function in patients with refractory coronary artery disease<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

In this clinical study with 26 patients, CSWT led to a significant increase in endothelial progenitor cells as well as the growth factors VEGF and IL-8 \u2013 an indication of increased angiogenesis.<\/p>\n

Link: https:\/\/www.spandidos-publications.com\/10.3892\/etm.2015.2820<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tZhao L. et al., 2015 \u2013 Effect of cardiac shock wave therapy on the microvolt T wave alternans of patients with coronary artery disease<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

Randomized study (87 patients): CSWT reduced pathological T-wave alternans, improved heart rate variability and resilience \u2013 a clear indication of stabilizing effects on electrical heart function.<\/p>\n

Link: https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC4659060<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tWang W. et al., 2015 \u2013 Clinical Effect of Cardiac Shock Wave Therapy on Myocardial Ischemia in Patients With Ischemic Heart Failure<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

Clinical study (23 patients, Shanghai): CSWT significantly improved angina symptoms, NYHA class, and quality of life. Gene expression analyses showed activation of angiogenic and anti-inflammatory signaling pathways (VEGF, CXCL).<\/p>

Link:\u00a0https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/1074248415616189<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAbe Y. et al., 2014 \u2013 Extracorporeal low-energy shock-wave therapy exerts anti-inflammatory effects in a rat model of acute myocardial infarction<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

Low-energy shock waves reduced inflammation and fibrosis and promoted capillary formation in rats after myocardial infarction.<\/p>\n

Link: https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/25274132<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tLei P.P. et al., 2013 \u2013 Extracorporeal cardiac shock wave therapy ameliorates myocardial fibrosis after acute myocardial infarction in pigs<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

Animal experiment: CSWT reduced fibrosis and the number of circulating fibrocytes after AMI; functional cardiac parameters improved accordingly.<\/p>\n

Link: https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/23839111<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tYang P. et al., 2013 \u2013 Randomized and double-blind controlled clinical trial of extracorporeal cardiac shock wave therapy for coronary heart disease<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

Prospective randomized double-blind study: Patients with CHD showed significant improvements in angina symptoms, quality of life, resilience, and ejection fraction after 9 CSWT sessions \u2013 with excellent tolerability.<\/p>\n

Link: https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/22457097<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMense S., Hoheisel U., 2013 \u2013 Shock wave treatment improves nerve regeneration in the rat<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

This experimental study shows that shock waves accelerate the regeneration of nerve fibers and muscle function \u2013 a clear indication of systemic regeneration beyond the heart muscle.<\/p>\n

Link: https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/mus.23631<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSerizawa F. et al., 2012 \u2013 Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy Improves the Walking Ability of Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

Clinical study in PAD: CSWT improved walking distance, helped to reduce pain and improve oxygen supply to the muscles in PAD patients \u2013 and this without any side effects.<\/p>\n

Link: https:\/\/www.jstage.jst.go.jp\/article\/circj\/76\/6\/76_CJ-11-1216\/_article<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPeng Y-Z et al., 2012 \u2013 Extracorporeal cardiac shock wave therapy in treatment of ischemic heart failure<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

Randomized study of 32 patients with ischemic heart failure: After 3 months, CSWT showed significant improvements in cardiac output (LVEF \u2191) and quality of life \u2013 without relevant side effects.<\/p>\n

Link: https:\/\/heart.bmj.com\/content\/98\/Suppl_2\/E158.3<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSerizawa F. et al., 2011 \u2013 Extracorporeal shock wave therapy induces therapeutic lymphangiogenesis in a rat model of secondary lymphoedema<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

Animal study: Shock waves activate VEGF-C and bFGF, promote lymphangiogenesis \u2013 evidence for tissue-wide regeneration effects.<\/p>\n

Link: https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/21454105<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tKikuchi Y et al., 2010 \u2013 Double-blind, placebo-controlled study of extracorporeal cardiac shock wave therapy for severe angina pectoris<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

In this placebo-controlled study, patients with severe angina pectoris showed a significant improvement in chest pain and cardiac function after CSWT \u2013 without side effects.<\/p>\n

Link: https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/20134096<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIto Y et al., 2010 \u2013 Cardiac shock wave therapy ameliorates left ventricular remodeling after myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in pigs<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

In an animal model, CSWT was able to significantly improve left ventricular function after myocardial infarction. The treated animals showed a higher ejection fraction and increased capillary density. <\/p>\n

Link: https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/20617568<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIto K., Fukumoto Y., Shimokawa H., 2009 \u2013 Extracorporeal shock wave therapy as a new and non-invasive angiogenic strategy<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

The review shows: Shock waves activate VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factors), promote angiogenesis, and improve myocardial perfusion. This work is the basis of many clinical applications in cardiology. <\/p>\n

Link: https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/19713678<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMariotto S. et al., 2009 \u2013 Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy in Inflammatory Diseases: Molecular Mechanism that Triggers Anti-Inflammatory Action<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

Pioneering basic research: Shock waves activate NO- and NF-\u03baB-dependent signaling pathways and reduce inflammatory cytokines \u2013 a key mechanism for cardiac regeneration as well.<\/p>\n

Link: https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/26670419_Extracorporeal_Shock_Wave_Therapy_in_Inflammatory_Diseases_Molecular_Mechanism_that_Triggers_Anti-Inflammatory_Action<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tOi K et al., 2008 \u2013 Extracorporeal shock wave therapy ameliorates hindlimb ischemia in rabbits<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

In the animal model, CSWT promoted angiogenesis and blood flow in critical limb ischemia \u2013 evidence for the principle of mechanotransduced angiogenesis.<\/p>\n

Link: https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/5565733_Extracorporeal_Shock_Wave_Therapy_Ameliorates_Hindlimb_Ischemia_in_Rabbits<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tNurzynska D. et al., 2008 \u2013 Shock waves activate in vitro cultured progenitors and precursors of cardiac cell lineages from the human heart<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

In vitro study on human heart tissue: Shock waves stimulated cardiac progenitor cells to proliferate and differentiate \u2013 this is an important evidence for regenerative processes in the heart muscle.<\/p>\n

Link: https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/17913335<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCiampa A. et al., 2005 \u2013 Nitric oxide mediates anti-inflammatory action of extracorporeal shock waves<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

In vitro study (University of Verona): Shock waves lead to the release of nitric oxide (NO) \u2013 this is crucial for vasodilation and anti-inflammation.<\/p>\n

Link: https:\/\/febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1016\/j.febslet.2005.11.023<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tNishida T et al., 2004 \u2013 Extracorporeal cardiac shock wave therapy ameliorates myocardial ischemia in pigs<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

An early animal experimental study that demonstrated the angiogenesis and regeneration effects of shock waves on the heart muscle. This study laid the foundation for later clinical research. <\/p>\n

Link: https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/15226274<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tNishida T. et al., 2004 \u2013 Extracorporeal Cardiac Shock Wave Therapy Markedly Ameliorates Ischemia-Induced Myocardial Dysfunction in Pigs<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

Another key study (Circulation 2004): This work provided the first evidence of angiogenesis in the heart muscle through CSWT \u2013 achieving complete functional recovery in the animal model after chronic ischemia with the shock waves.<\/p>\n

Link: https:\/\/www.ahajournals.org\/doi\/10.1161\/01.CIR.0000148849.51177.97<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tGotte G. et al., 2002 \u2013 Short-time non-enzymatic nitric oxide synthesis from L-arginine and hydrogen peroxide induced by shock waves<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

Basic research: Shock waves generate NO non-enzymatically \u2013 this is a key mechanism for vasodilatory and regenerative effects.<\/p>\n

Link: https:\/\/febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1016\/S0014-5793%2802%2902807-7<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tNesser H.J. et al., 2002 \u2013 Therapeutic ultrasound in cardiology<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

An early review article on the therapeutic use of ultrasound in cardiology \u2013 this work describes the basics of mechanical effects (mechanotransduction), including shear forces and microcirculation improvement, as they were and are later used in CSWT.<\/p>\n

Link: https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/12096656<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDe Sanctis M T et al., 2000 \u2013 Effects of shock waves on the microcirculation in critical limb ischemia<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

Also an early clinical study showing that shock waves improved microcirculation and pain in patients with circulatory disorders of the legs. This study is also a basis for later cardiac applications. <\/p>\n

Link: https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/10959513<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tBelcaro G. et al., 1998 \u2013 Shock waves in vascular diseases: an in-vitro study<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

This is a very early vascular study on the human aorta: Shock waves did not lead to any structural or histological damage even at high energy densities \u2013 thus providing the first evidence of tissue safety.<\/p>\n

Link: https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/000331979804900901<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t
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Note:<\/b> This list of studies on CSWT does not claim to be exhaustive. Further studies and scientific papers will be added to this section on an ongoing basis.<\/p>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Scientific studies onCardiac Shock Wave Therapy (CSWT) Clinical research on the efficacy and safety of CSWT Cardiac shock wave therapy (CSWT) has been extensively researched in recent years and tested in numerous clinical studies with heart patients, including with regard to its safety. Clinical research consistently shows positive effects on blood circulation, vascular regeneration, and […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":4132,"menu_order":5,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4195","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cswt-meyer.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4195","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cswt-meyer.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cswt-meyer.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cswt-meyer.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cswt-meyer.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4195"}],"version-history":[{"count":40,"href":"https:\/\/www.cswt-meyer.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4195\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4779,"href":"https:\/\/www.cswt-meyer.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4195\/revisions\/4779"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cswt-meyer.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4132"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cswt-meyer.de\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4195"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}